dominus

dŏmĭnus (in inscrr. sometimes written by syncop. DOMNVS), i, m. [Sanscr. damanas, he who subdues, root dam-; Gr. δαμάω, δάμνημι, v. domo] Prop., one who has subdued or conquered; hence, a master, possessor, ruler, lord, proprietor, owner (cf. herus).

• I Prop.: quam dispari Dominare domino! Poëta ap. Cic. Off. 1, 39, 139: nec domo dominus, sed domino domus honestanda est, etc., Cic. ib. 39, 139; cf. id. Fin. 1, 18, 58: (vilicus) consideret, quae dominus imperaverit, fiant, etc., Cato R. R. 5, 3 sq.; so opp. servus, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 227 (859); id. Mil. 3, 1, 149 (744); Ter. Ad. 894; id. Eun. 486; Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 17; id. ap. Non. 355, 19; Cic. Deiot. 11, 30; Sall. J. 31, 11 et saep.; opp. familia, Ter. Ad. 89; opp. ancilla, Cic. de Or. 2, 68, 276; and (with herus) Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 3 (363); cf. id. Ps. 4, 7, 90 (1192) sq.; Cic. N. D. 2, 63 et saep.—Also of the master's son, the young master, Plaut. Capt. prol. 18: siet in iis agris, qui non saepe dominos mutant ... de domino bono colono melius emetur, Cato R. R. 1, 4; cf. Cic. Att. 12, 19; id. de Sen. 16, 56; Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 174; so, rerum suarum, Cic. Tusc. 3, 5, 11: auctionum, id. Quint. 5, 19: insularum, Suet. Caes. 41: equi, id. ib. 61 et saep.—
• II In gen., a master, lord, ruler, commander, chief, proprietor, owner (in republican Rome of public men, usually with the accessory notion, unlawful, despotic): hujus principis populi et omnium gentium domini atque victoris, Cic. Planc. 4 fin.; id. Off. 3, 21, 83; cf.: quippe qui (sc. populi) domini sint legum, judiciorum, belli, pacis, foederum, capitis, uniuscujusque, pecuniae, id. Rep. 1, 32: di domini omnium rerum ac moderatores, id. Leg. 2, 7; cf. id. Fin. 4, 5; id. Univ. 7: videsne, ut de rege (sc. Tarquinio) dominus exstiterit? hic est enim dominus populi, quem Graeci tyrannum vocant, etc., id. Rep. 2, 26; cf. id. 1, 45; Verg. A. 4, 214.— Trop.: liberatos se per eum dicunt gravissimis dominis, terrore sempiterno ac nocturno metu, Cic. Tusc. 1, 21; of the judge: qui rei dominus futurus est, id. de Or. 2, 17, 72; poët. of the possessor of an art, Ov. M. 1, 524; 13, 138.—
• • • • b Poet., sometimes as an adj.: dominae manus, Ov. Am. 2, 5, 30: arae, Stat. Th. 5, 578: praebere caput domina venale sub hasta, the auction spear, Juv. 3, 33.—
  • B In partic.
  • • 1 With or without convivii or epuli, the master of a feast, the entertainer, host, Cic. Vatin. 13; Lucil., Varr., and Sall. ap. Non. 281, 21 sq.; Varr. ap. Gell. 13, 11, 5; Liv. 23, 8 al.—
    • 2 The master of a play or of public games; the employer of players or gladiators: quae mihi atque vobis res vortat bene Gregique huic et dominis atque conductoribus, Plaut. As. prol. 3; Cic. Att. 2, 19, 3.—
    • 3 In the period of the empire (Augustus and Tiberius declined it, Suet. Aug. 53; Tib. 27), a title of the emperors, Suet. Dom. 13; Mart. 5, 8; 10, 72; Phaedr. 2, 5, 14; Inscr. Orell. 1109; 1146 al.—
    • 4 A term of endearment in addressing a lover, Ov. Am. 3, 7, 11.—
    • 5 In respectful greeting, like our Sir, Sen. Ep. 3; Mart. 6, 88; Suet. Claud. 21.—
    • 6 A master or assignee of a forfeited estate, Cic. Quint. 15, 50.—
    • 7 Of Christ, the Lord (eccl. Lat.): Augusti Caesaris temporibus natus est Dominus Christus, Oros. 6, 17 fin.; Vulg. Johan. 13, 13 et saep.

dominus, ī, m. (v. domus), I) im engem Sinne, der Herr vom Hause, Hausherr, Gebieter (Ggstz. familia), Komik., Cic. u.a.; u.v. Sohn des Hauses, der junge Herr, Plaut.: Plur., domini, die Herrschaft (= der Herr u. die Herrin vom Hause), Cic. u.a. – II) im weitern Sinne, A) eig.: 1) der Herr als Eigentümer, Eigner, Besitzer, Inhaber, aedificii, navis, Cic.: insularum, Suet.: aedium, ICt. u. Symm.: possessionis, Inscr.: copiosae pecuniae, Apul.: equi, Suet.: dites domini (Grundbesitzer), Tac. (vgl. Heräus Tac. hist. 2, 12, 11). – 2) der Herr = Oberherr, Gebieter, Chef, in alqm, Cic.: gentium, Cic.: rei, v. Richter, Cic. – Insbes., a) Herr, als Ehrentitel, bes. der spätern Kaiser (den Augustus u. Tiberius sich verbaten, hingegen Domitian gern hörte), Suet. Dom. 13, 1. Mart. 5, 8. Phaedr. 2, 5, 14. Augustin. serm. 111 extr. – b) Gebieter, v. Gatten, Ov. met. 9, 466; v. Geliebten, Ov. am. 3, 7, 11. – c) als Begrüßungswort, wie unser mein Herr, s. Sen. ep. 3, 1. Mart. 6, 88, 2 (im Doppelsinn). Suet. Claud. 21, 5. – d) v. Christus, oft bei Eccl.: u. so Augusti Caesaris temporibus natus est dominus Christus, Oros. 6, 17, 10. – e) (poet.) v. Lebl., attribut., herrschaftlich, des Herrn, torus dominus, Ov.: mit Genet., terrarum dominum pone supercilium, entferne den Ernst, der der Welt gebietet, Mart. 1, 4, 2. – 3) der Veranstalter von etwas, a) = der Veran stalter der öffentl. Spiele, eines Schauspiels (Schauspieldirektor), Plaut. asin. prol. 3: eines Gladiatorenspiels, Cic. ad Att. 2, 19, 3. – b) der Veranstalter einer Auktion, Cic. Quinct. 50. – c) der Veranstalter eines Baus, der Bauherr (Ggstz. conductor, der Übernehmer des Baus), Cato u. Vitr. – d) (mit u. ohne convivii od. epuli) = der Veranstalter eines Gastmahls, der Gastgeber, Cic. u.a.; vgl. Gronov Gell. 13, 11, 5. – B) übtr., der Herr, Gewalthaber über usw., vitae necisque (über L.u.T.), Liv. u.a.: virtutum omnium, Arnob.: comitiorum dominum esse, Cic.: gravissimi domini, terror sempiternus et diurnus ac nocturnus metus, Cic. – ➳ Synkop. domnus, Augustin. serm. 111 extr. Greg. Tur. hist. Franc. 9, 20. Not. Tir. 47, 63. Corp. inscr. Lat. 10, 3792: Genet. Plur. dominûm, Pacuv. tr. 75.

dominus [CL; formdomnus (dompnus), freq. in address or as eccl. title, v. 6, 8 infra] 1 master, lord: a (of household or servants); b (of slave or serf); c (of apprentice); d (of self). e husband. f client, principal (of attorney etc.). g owner (naut.). h master (fig.). a susceptus a ~is domus, resedit et ipse ad convivium Bede HE III 10; sint hilares famuli domino relegente jocosa D. Bec. 1320; Ib. 1350 (v. cliens 1a); 1283 (v. ad 7d).  b 748 servos tonsuratos, qui fugerunt ~is suis (Lit. Papae) Ep. Bonif. 80 p. 175; non est tam aspera hiems ut audeam latere domi pro timore ~i mei [AS: hlafordes mines] Ælf. Coll. 90; si servus operetur die Dominica per preceptum ~i sui [AS: his hlafordes], sit liber et ~us emendet xxx s. ad witam (Quad.) GAS 91; si ~us suus [sc. nativi], volens eum ad libertatem perduci a villenagio suo quo ei tenetur obnoxius, et a se et heredibus suis quietum clamaverit, vel si eum ad liberandum alicui donaverit vel vendiderit Glanv. V 5; si verus ~us opposuerit exceptionem servitutis servo sub potestate constituto, sufficit si probet illum esse servum suum per parentes vel per assisam Bracton 190b; 1296 in plena curia confitetur se nativum ~i; et est reseisitus terra sua et ponit omnino se in misericordiam ~i SelPlMan 46; Quon. Attach. 56 (v. bondagium d); ita posset papa ‥ privare ‥ reges ‥ regnis suis et facere eos aratores, immo servos rusticorum suorum, et imponere eis quecumque opera servilia que potest aliquis ~us imponere servis suis Ockham Pol. III 262; Ib. I 197 (v. despotes a).  c 1300, s1383 (v. apprenticius).  d Ockham Pol. I 305 (v. dominium 1f).  e 1142 si ~us meus comes Andegavie et ego voluerimus (Ch. M. Imp.) Mandeville 167; 1172 confirmavi ei [Milesenti] quicquid ~us et vir suus Hugo emerit Act. Hen. II I 472; Map NC III 2 (v. donum 1a); habuit ipsa iij ~os RDomin 53; [regina] diligebat quendam juvenem, ‥ cujus amorem amori sui ~i preferens operam ‥ dederat ut suum conjugem ‥ discrimini traderet Arthur & Gorlagon 7; Fleta 24 (v. domina 1c).  f aut advocatus errat presente ~o aut absente W. Drogheda SA 52; attornati sui dixerunt in plena curia quod ~us eorum mortuus fuit State Tri. Ed. I 22; procuratorium ‥ est potestas seu mandatum quod datur procuratori a ~o suo Praxis 19.  g navis proprietas ‥ quam ~us ejus ‥ dicit se ‥ emisse Vac. Assumpt. 28; 1328 quod omnes ~os et magistros navium tam de villa predicta [Suthampton’] quam de membris ejusdem ‥ injungatis quod ‥ naves suas ‥ ad eosdem portus ‥ reduci faciant Cl 147 m. 22d..  h nasus cum fuerit subtilis, ejus ~us est valde iracundus Bacon V 168; nummus est dominus et princeps omnium Walt. Wimb. Sim. 35. 2 lord, ruler, governor. b (w. marchians) marcher lord. c (w. deputatus) lord deputy. tanta insania in ~os debacchatus est ut duos imperatores legitimos ‥ pelleret Gildas EB 13; greve nomen est potestatis; Latinorum lingua nichil expressius sonat quam ~prefectura’, quoniam hoc vocabulum adeo multipliciter distenditur quod de scira, de wapentagiis ‥, de hundretis, de burgis, de villis etiam greve vocetur, in quo idem sonare videtur et significare quod ‘~us’ (Leg. Ed. Retr.) GAS 654; 1074 W. rex Anglorum et Normannorum ~us Regesta 76; 1192 Johannes ~us Hybernie, comes Moretonii (Ch.) MSS Ir. 65; 1200 carta nostra, quam ‥ fecimus dum essemus tantum ~us Hybernie RChart 69a; 1200 post-quam pax ~i regis tunc ducis Normannie et ~i Anglie fuit jurata CurR I 255; 1215 Johannes Dei gratia rex Anglie, ~us Hybernie, dux Normannie et Aquitannie Magna Carta intr.; 1375 A. de Valencia, comes Pembrochie, ~us Weysefordie et Monciniaci (Ch.) EHR XVI 102; 1434 de illo anulo dico quem a ~o Venetorum habui Reg. Cant. II 540.  b 1421 adeo plene et libere sicut aliqui ~orum marchiancium in dominiis et marcheis suis Wallie habent et utuntur (RNorm) Foed. X 132b.  c 1556, 1558 (v. deputare 6e). 3 lord (feud. or sim.). b lord of Parliament, peer (Eng. or Ir.). c Lord of (king’s) Council (Eng. or Sc.). d lord, nobleman. c980 (12c) primum naturali ~o suo regi armillam auream (Test.) CS 1133; a1082 concedente Hugone de G., qui ~us feodi erat Regesta p. 124; quietus erit erga regem, non erga ~um cujus homo fuerit DB I 1; s1099 ad ducem Normannorum accessit, satellitiumque suum ei, utpote naturali ~o, fideliter obtulit Ord. Vit. IX 15 p. 598; illi Deus est fidus qui suo ~o [AS: his hlaforde] recte est fidus (Cons. Cnuti) GAS 301; Ib. 293 (v. caput 20c); hic [Lotharius II, ob. 1138] legem feudorum primus instituit, sanciens ut nullus feudum ‥ audeat ‥ alienare sine permissione majoris ~i ad quem feudum spectare dignoscitur Gerv. Tilb. II 19 p. 942; 1176 si heres [franci tenentis] fuerit infra etatem, ~us feodi recipiat homagium suum et habeat in custodia illum quamdiu debuerit; alii ~i, si plures fuerint, homagium ejus recipiant, et ipse faciat eis quod facere debuerit (Assize Clar. 4) R. Howd. II 90; si ~us ejus, qui vulgo ligius dicitur, hoc est, cui soli ratione dominii sic tenetur ut contra ipsum nihil alii debeat, rege dumtaxat excepto, vocaverit ipsum Dial. Scac. II 4C; Glanv. VII 10, etc. (v. capitalis 7b); 1230 veni ad fidem et servicium ~i mei H. regis Anglie ‥ et homagium ei feci de jure meo quod de eo tenere debeo; et ‥ juravi quod fideliter decetero ei serviam contra omnes homines, salvo ~is meis feodalibus servicio suo eis debito Pat (Gasc.) 409; Bracton 81 (v. deadvocare a); c1280 de terris et feodis ubi ~i capitales mediati et inmediati sunt laici (DipDocE 1576) DocExch 362; 1293 superiorem ~um (v. dominium 1b); 1301 prelati, comites, nobiles et communitates regni Scocie quos ad pacem nostram regiam suscepimus ‥ homagia et fidelitates nobis tanquam immediato et proprio ~o ejusdem regni ‥ fecerunt (Lit. Regis Angliae) Anglo-Scot. Rel. 108; directo ~o Ib. 104 (v. dirigere 1d).  b 1387 certi articuli limitati per regem, super quibus ~i et communes regni in eodem parliamento procedere debeant RParl 233b; s1387 (v. communis 11d); 1398 (Ir.) (v. communitas 9b); s1397 statuunt quod ‥ omnes ~i jurarent se totis viribus statuta hujus parliamenti observare ‥ et quod omnes heredes et successores ~orum tam spiritualium quam temporalium prestabunt idem juramentum omnibus futuris temporibus, quando eis liberabuntur hereditates et possessiones in faciendo homagia et fidelitates suas Eul. Hist. Cont. III 377; 1412 filii ‥ ~orum qui in parliamento regio sedem habent, cum quibus ex gracia speciali ingrediendi [in librariam] facultatem universitas ordinavit StatOx 218.  c 1376 pro ~is de consilio regis (IssueR) EHR XXI 16; 1423 de mandato ~orum de consilio SelCExchCh 26; 1460 super quo consulendi sunt ~i de consilio ExchScot VII 12; 1566 ordinamus ‥ ~os nostri consilii et sessionis Inchaffray app. 169.  d s1399 occurrerunt sibi plures ~i et valentes cum suis retinenciis Otterb. 203; 1454 j par lintheaminum, unum novum boni panni et subtilis texture pro ~is recipiendis Ac. Durh. 149; 1487 ne quis presbiter ‥, filiis ~orum ac viris in aliqua dignitate ecclesiastica constitutis vel aliter notabiliter beneficiatis dumtaxat exceptis, capucium ‥ cum corneto ‥ gerat Reg. Bath f. 142. 4 lord (man.), landlord (not necessarily noble). istud manerium habet ‥ consuetudinem in silva regis de Wochinges; hoc est quod ~us ville hujus potest habere in ipsa silva cxx porcos sine pasnagio DB I 31; has terras tenuerunt v teini ‥; nec poterant recedere a ~o manerii DB I 172; ille eat landesrico [AS: landrican], id est terre ~o, ad ordalium vel reddat [ei] duplum (Quad.) GAS 230; in cujuscumque terra fur cum furto invenitur, ~us terre [OF: li seinur de la terre] et uxor furis habebunt medietatem omnium bonorum furis (Leis Will.) Ib. 511; tempore Willelmi Painel, qui fuit ~us, ‥ fuit Berton posita ad firmam RDomin 20; Glanv. IX 8 (v. districtio 5a); 1195, 1392 (v. bederipa); 1230 ipsi principales ~i sunt de Burtona CurR XIV 528; 1246 Simon ‥ levavit quandam sepem super terram ~i SelPlMan 6; 1259 (v. curia 6a); FormMan 11 (v. computus 2a); 1304 qui tenent ad voluntatem ~i istius manerii IPM 97/34; 1317 scire facias omnibus ‥ ~is libertatum quod ipsi in libertatibus suis ‥ eandem assisam cervisie custodiri faciant (Breve Regis) Trokelowe 97; 1326 (v. conducere 3b); 1559 baronibus et aliis terrarum ~is Conc. Scot. II 155. 5 a bishop or archbishop. b person of (scholarly) authority, doctor (esp. of law). c (w. scholarum, acad.) master of the schools. a c805 si ‥ pertingat ut aliquis ex heredibus ejus ‥ Ferhnham vendere mavellet, tune primum nostrae aecclesiae ~o innotescatur CS 324; 838 [monasteria] spiritales ~os, id est episcopos ‥, propria voluntate ‥ habuerunt CS 421; 987 (11c) ea conditione ut ‥ suus heres veram amicitiam habeat cum ~o aecclesiae CD 661; c1199 non similia ‥ in ecclesia Dei perpetrata, exceptis his que in ~o Cantuariensi leguntur impleta G. Cold. Durh. 16; 1200 inquisitio inter ~um Cantuariensem et dominum regem CurR I 279; 1219 commissus fuit magistro J‥., officiali ~i Londoniensis Ib. VIII 95; 1255 taxatio ‥ per ~um Norwicensem facta Val. Norw. 209.  b ne omnino non audiar, omnes meas sententias ~us quidam invenit, non ego Adel. QN intr. p.1; a1190 ut legis doctores appellarentur ~i, indigne ferentes appellari doctores vel magistri R. Niger MR 19 p. 250; hoc modo procedit dictum ~orum de Rota in conclusione lxiij Lyndw. 78 h; ~us legum, A. a man of lawe WW.  c 1546 de pecuniis per illum [scribam universitatis] collectis ~us scholarum sibi et ceteris servientibus academie pro stipendiis satisfaciet StatOx 340. 6 (voc.) sir. o, mi ~e [AS: eala, leof hlaford] Ælf. Coll. 90; at vereor rursus dicere: “domne, jube” R. Partes (Fratri suo) 227; domne, sedeto prior Babio 140; lector ‥ benedictionem, tanquam licentiam legendi, petit dicens: “jube, dompne, benedicere” ‥ sed nota quod hic dicit “dompne”, non “~e”, ‥ quoniam ad hominem loquitur, qui semiplenus et inperfectus est dominus respectu Domini, et ideo utitur sincopato vocabulo, quod observant monachi dicentes “domnus abbas”, non “dominus abbas” Beleth RDO 25. 37D; ~e [ME: sire], hoc peccatum commisi sic et hoc modo AncrR 122. 7 (as honorific title of layman) lord: a (of emperor, king, or prince); b (of nobleman or royal minister). c (of knight) sir. a 680 ~o gloriosissimo ‥ Geruntio regi Aldh. Ep. 4; 796 domnus rex (v. demandare 5b); a1160 concordia ‥ facta ‥ in curia ~i regis (Fine) Cart. Rams. I 257; illic residet capitalis ~i regis justitia Dial. Scac. I 4B; Glanv. I 1 (v. criminalis 1a); 1225 Henricus Lupus de Groningen, mercator de terra ~i imperatoris Pat 536; s1238 misit ~us rex Anglie militare presidium ad ~um imperatorem juvandum contra rebelles suos in partes Ytalicas M. Par. Maj. III 485; 1266 in expensis factis circa vina ~i regis ExchScot 3; s1302 ~us rex Francie (v. 7b infra); s1355 mirabatur quod ~us rex Anglie habuit ibidem tantam potenciam ex quo ~us princeps Wallie ‥ tam magnum exercitum habuit in Vasconia Avesb. 126; 1438 ~us imperator Romanorum (v. despotes b).  b c1165 in curia ~i comitis Willelmi [de Derbeia] (Fine) Eng. Feudalism 262; s1302 transfretarunt nuncii regis Anglie ad parliamentum Francie ‥, viz. ~i comites Sabaudie, Lincolnie et Pembroke‥. et misit dominus rex Francie ad partes Flandrie ‥ ~os comites de Artoys, Bononie, et S. Pauli Ann. Lond. 128 (v. 7a supra); s1312 ~us H. de Sandale, Anglie thesaurarius, et ~us I. de Warle garderobe regis custos Trokelowe 79; 1409 ~o comiti Orcadie ExchScot 102; 1442 decretum sive arbitrium illustris principis ~i Humfridi Glowcestrie Ducis Amund. II app. 278.  c 1247 dixit se esse cum ~o Henrico de Drayton’, milite SelPlForest 85; s1290 ~us Radulphus de Sandwyco, miles, custos Londoniarum Ann. Lond. 99; 1459 nobilis et potens ~us Patricius ~us le Grahame, miles Conc. Scot. II 79; miles quidam honorandus, ~us Ricardus Tunstall Blakman Hen. VI 15. 8 (as honorific title, eccl. or mon.): a (of pope); b (of archbishop or bishop); c (of abbot or prior). d (of monk, esp. Benedictine) dom, dan. e (of priest) sir. a praeceperat Theodoro ‥ domnus apostolicus Bede HE IV 1; 824 (11c) Noðhelm praeco a domno Eugenio papa CS 379; s1138 Albericus Ostiensis episcopus predicti domni pape in Angliam et Scottiam legatus J. Worc. 53; a ~o papa munere consecrationis suscepto Ailr. Ed. Conf. 758A; a1191 sciatis quod domnus apostolicus Rome ‥ precepit decimas omnium rerum que renovantur in singulis annis ‥ persolvi ‥ sancte ecclesie Reg. S. Thom. Dublin 304; s1213 ex parte Pandulphi subdiaconi ac ~i pape familiaris Wend. II 68.  b 671 ~o reverendissimo [Leutherio episcopo] Aldh. Ep. 1; 930 ((? 11c)) fratribus ‥ qui in antefato ergasterio Deo, aeclesiae, domno praelato ‥ obtemperare voluerit CS 1343; 964 (11c) venationis sepem ~i episcopi ultronei ad edificandum repperiantur suaque, quandocumque ~o episcopo libuerit, venabula destinent venatum CS 1136; 1200 loquela ‥ inter cives Lond’ et ~um G. Wintoniensem episcopum CurR I 277; 1281 (v. archiepiscopus); 1298 dompni Ricardi ‥ predecessoris nostri [sc. episcopi] FormA 10; c1300 reverendissimo ‥ patri et ~o ~o ‥ Dei gratia Cantuariensi archiepiscopo Lit. Cant. I 14; 1307 cum exhennio misso ~o archiepiscopo Ebor’ Ac. Durh. 2; hic mutet dompnus metropolitanus vocem suam Lib. Regal. 11; 1546 a reverendissimo in Christo patre ac ~o ~o Johanne Longland episcopo Lincolniensi StatOx 340.  c abbatizans erat apud Sanctum [Eadmundum] domnus Baldewinus Herm. Arch. 24; super quae [tapetia] prosternantur primum domnus abbas et induti Lanfr. Const. 115 (cf. ib. 93: incipiat ~us abbas ‘te Deum laudamus’); s1137 non secus agentem novimus domnum priorem Wigorniensem J. Worc. 41; Beleth RDO 25 (v. 6 supra); dompnus abbas ei fugam obicit et vidue raptum Map NC IV 6 f. 49; tacui, domnum abbatem ‥ nec volens condempnare, nec volens excusare Brakelond 144; accessit ‥ ad ~um R. de H. priorem ecclesie Dunelm’ G. Durh. 2; 1335 dompnum J. abbatem de Cuper RScot 390b.  d episcopus [Hugo, ob. 1195] ‥ venientes ad se monachos honorifice semper excipiebat et ~os vocabat, quo eorum dilectionem non mediocriter obtinebat G. Cold. Durh. 4; sic cupit in vino dampnus adesse Deo Gower VC IV 34 (cf. ib. 323: non dompni set et hii domini nomen sibi querunt); 1417 lego dompno J. Wotton monacho cognato meo xl s. Reg. Cant. II 131; c1430 lettera composita per dompnum Hugonem, monachum S. Albani, magistrum nostrum FormOx 435; 1498 in solucione facta ~is suppriori, terrario, bursario, senescallo, capellano, cancellario, confessori ~i prioris, presentori et granatori, offic[ialibus] ~i prioris, cuilibet eorum x s. Ac. Durh. 655; 1518 deliveravi dampno Johanni Crambroke ij s. DCCant. DE/63.  e 1200 eam [insulam] custodie et dispensationi domni Malisii presbiteri et heremite committimus Inchaffray 7; ~us Andreas, rector de Kevelston’ Mir. Montf. 73; 13‥ (s1188) illi duo [fratres] et ~us presbyter ville et duo de legalioribus parochianis elemosinam ‥ colligant (Ord. de Subsidio Terrae Sanctae) MGL II 654 (cf. R. Howd. II 335: colligatur pecunia ‥ presente presbytero parochie et archipresbytero). 9 (astr.): a ‘dominator’, planet in the ascendant. b (w. Aschone) name of a comet. a cognito ~o anni adequatione tabularum de Tolleto, scimus quod futurum est in rebus M. Scot Part. 294n; caput et pes sex linearum sequencium declarant naturam signorum et de die ac nocte ~os triplicitatum Elveden Cal. 5; oportet te scire extrahere ~um anni, mensis, et hore et scire potestates eorum Wallingf. (EPT) I 228 (cf. ib. 234: ~us hore est planeta †que [? l. qui] accidit in illa hora diei secundum denominacionem diei et successionem planetarum, ut Sol in prima hora diei Dominice, Venus in secunda hora ‥).  b ~us Aschone ex complexione est Mercurii et est ceruleus parvus sed cauda ejus longa‥. vidimus nuper ~um Aschone ante bellum quo comes de Monte Forte ‥ occubuit anno gratie 1264 Ps.-Gros. Summa 586–7. 10 (theol.) the Lord; b (w. spec. ref. to Christ). paenitentiae tabulam ‥ exquirite ut avertatur furor ~i a vobis Gildas EB 110; 596 (v. auxiliari a); qui Dominum lucis tenebroso corde negabant Aldh. VirgV 851; Bede HE II 9 (v. adjuvare b); 841 (11c) agio et alto ~o Deo Saboth CS 435; Patricii ‥ veneratione ‥, qui ‥ ibidem [apud Glastoniam] in ~o quievisse perhibetur Osb. V. Dunst. 6; s991 (v. dormire 3c); s1165 congratulabuntur tibi in ~o quod illesus evasisti A. Tewk. Add. Thom. 17; s1171 episcopus [Wint’] ‥ migravit ad ~um Diceto YH 347; Beleth RDO 25 (v. 6 supra); sextum nomen [Dei] est Adonai, id est ~us, quia ejus dominationi subicitur totus mundus Bart. Angl. I 19; cum sit angelus ~i Exercituum in scala Jacob Ad. Marsh Ep. 8 p. 89; 1269 ~o concedente Cl 78; 1334 remedium adhibuit ~us ulcionum Conc. II 575; creatorem ‥, qui est rex et ~us [ME: king and keiser] celi et terre AncrR 44; s1370 est justus Dominus; hic justicias adamavit (J. Bridl.) Pol. Poems I 152.  b attendite verba ~i ad apostolos et turbas Gildas EB 95; 679 etc. (v. Christus 2b); credula si Domino pandant praecordia Christo Aldh. VirgV 2393; s874 etc. (v. adventus 3b); Lanfr. Const. 107 (v. corpus 7b); in matrem ~i salvatoris Eadmer V. Osw. 20; ~us ac salvator noster ‥ quosdam voluit esse perfectos [cf. Matth. v 48] Ailr. Ed. Conf. 737B; a Dominica passionis ~i RDomin 61; s1213 etc. (v. ascensio 1d); 1315 (v. crux 4d); 1409 ad festa Nativitatis ~i et Pasche Comp. Swith. 213.

dŏmĭnus, (6) ī, m. (domus), ¶ 1 maître [de maison], possesseur, propriétaire : nec domo dominus, sed domino domus honestanda est Cic. Off. 1, 139, ce nʼest pas la maison qui doit honorer le maître, cʼest le maître qui doit honorer la maison || aliquem dominum esse rerum suarum vetare Cic. Tusc. 3, 11, frapper qqn dʼinterdit ¶ 2 chef, souverain, arbitre, maître [pr. et fig.] : populi domini sunt legum Cic. Rep. 1, 48, les peuples sont les maîtres des lois || dominus epuli Cic. Vat. 31 ; dominus convivii Petr. 34, 5, ou [abs^t ] dominus Varr. d. Non. 281, 21, celui qui donne un festin, qui régale, amphitryon || lʼorganisateur (de jeux) : Pl. As. 3 ; Cic. Att. 2, 19, 3 ¶ 3 Seigneur [nom donné aux empereurs après Auguste et Tibère] : Suet. Dom. 13 ¶ 4 ami, amant : Ov. Am. 3, 7, 11 ¶ 5 terme de politesse qui répond au Monsieur des modernes : Sen. Ep. 3, 1 ¶ 6 le Seigneur, Dieu : Eccl.

dominus , i. m.
家主。奴主。王。丈夫。天主。

Suggest a Translation
See an image

dominus ī, m

• 2 DOM-, a master, possessor, ruler, lord, proprietor, owner: aedium, T.: servos, Quoi dominus curaest, T.: nec imperante domino: fugitivi ab dominis: Contemptae rei, H.: bonus adsiduusque, householder.—A master, lord, ruler, commander, chief, proprietor, owner, despot, tyrant: condicio omnium gentium domini: summi domini numen: populi, quem Graeci tyrannum vocant: dominum Aenean in regna recepit, V.— Fig.: gravissimi domini, terror ac metus: rei futurus, who must decide: nec prosunt domino artes, O.: Urget non lenis, i. e. passion, H.: vitae necisque, arbiter, L.—The master of a feast, entertainer, host, C.: dominorum invitatio, L.—The master of a public show, C.—A title of the emperor, master, Ph.

DOMINUS

DO´MINUSmeans master, owner [DOMINIUM]. The word was applied as a title of respect to a superior in rank or station. Thus the head of a family was sometimes called dominus by the free members of his family as well as by his slaves (Suet. Aug. 53; Dig. 24, 1, 57). The title of dominus came to be ascribed to the emperor. The history of this use of the word, which corresponds with changes in the character of the emperor, is briefly as follows:--Augustus refused to be called dominus (domini appellationem ut maledictum et opprobrium semper exhorruit, Suet. Aug. 53; Ov. Fast. 2.142), as did also Tiberius (Tac. Ann. 2.87; Suet. Tib. 27).

Caligula was the first emperor who allowed himself to be called by the title (Victor. Caes. 3). Domitian claimed the titles of Deus et Dominus (Dio Cass.; Martial (Mart. 5.8). Trajan only wished to be called princeps (Plin. Paneg. § § 2, 63, 88). Pliny in his letters always addresses Trajan as dominus, but in doing so he does not intend to make use of an official title. Dominus first appears on imperial monuments in the reign of Severus. Aurelian first adopted the title Deus et Dominus on his coins. Diocletian allowed himself to be publicly addressed as dominus (Vict. Caes. 39). From the fourth century the emperors freely ascribe the title to themselves. (Mommsen, Staatsrecht, 2.737, &c.)

[E.A.W]

Domĭnus

A master, owner. The word was applied as a title of respect to a superior in rank or station. Thus the head of a family was sometimes called dominus by the free members of his family as well as by his slaves. The title of dominus came to be ascribed to the emperor. The history of this use of the word, which corresponds with changes in the character of the emperor, is briefly as follows: Augustus refused to be called dominus (Suet. Aug. 53, with Peck's note), as did also Tiberius (Suet. Tib. 27); and Caligula was the first emperor who allowed himself to be addressed by the title (Victor. Caes. 3). Domitian claimed the titles of Deus et Dominus (Dio Cass. lxii. 13). Trajan only wished to be called princeps ( Paneg. 2, 63, 88). Pliny in his letters always addresses Trajan as dominus, but in doing so he does not intend to make use of an official title. Dominus first appears on imperial monuments in the reign of Septimius Severus. Aurelian first adopted the title Deus et Dominus on his coins. Diocletian allowed himself to be publicly addressed as dominus. From the fourth century the emperors freely ascribe the title to themselves. The reason why the earlier emperors objected to being styled dominus is to be found in the fact that they still kept up a pretence of republican equality. Now the word dominus to a Roman, like δεσπότης to a Greek, means a master in relation to slaves, or (politically) a tyrant, the possessor of arbitrary power (Sall. Iug. 85). Later, when the imperial power had become hedged about by precedent and tradition, the emperor willingly accepted the title as his due.

The word dominus, besides retaining its full force as a term of great dignity, underwent a further development as a social title. In Suet. Claud. 21, it is applied by the emperor to his plebeian guests as an ordinary title of courtesy. In Mart. vi. 88, it is equivalent to “Mister.” It is used by Ovid (Am. iii. 7. 11) as a term of affection. In the modern languages it has developed through the Low Latin forms domnus, domna, donnus, dominicella into the Portuguese dom, Span. don, doña, Fr. dame, madame (mea domna), demoiselle, and Old English dan. See Peck's note to Suet. Aug. 53.