Aegeus
- son of Pand on, king of Athens, and father of Theseus, Hyg. Fab. 37, 41; Serv. ad Verg. A. 3, 74; Ov. M. 7, 402 sq.; id. F. 2, 41 al.
➳ acc. ea Ov. M. 15, 856.
(Αἰγεύς).
1. According to some accounts a son of Pandion II. king of Athens, and of Pylia, while others call him a son of Scyrius or Phemius, and state that he was only an adopted son of Pandion. (Paus. 1.5.3, &c.; Schol. ad Lycophr. 494; Apollod. 3.15.5.) Pandion had been expelled from his kingdom by the Metionids, but Aegeus in conjunction with his brothers, Pallas, Nysus, and Lycus restored him, and Aegeus being the eldest of the brothers succeeded Pandion. Aegeus first married Meta, a daughter of Hoples, and then Chalciope, the daughter of Rhexenor, neither of whom bore him any children. (Apollod. 3.15.6,&c.) He ascribed this misfortune to the anger of Aphrodite, and in order to conciliate her introduced her worship at Athens. (Paus. 1.14.6.) Afterwards he begot Theseus by Aethra at Troezen. (Plut. Thes. 3; Apollod. 3.15.7; Hyg. Fab. 37.) When Theseus had grown up to manhood , and was informed of his descent, he went to Athens and defeated the fifty sons of his uncle Pallas, who claiming the kingly dignity of Athens, had made war upon Aegeus and deposed him, and also wished to exclude Theseus from the succession. (Plut. Thes. 13.) Aegeus was restored, but died soon after. His death is related in the following manner : When Theseus went to Crete to deliver Athens from the tribute it had to pay to Minos, he promised his father that on his return he would hoist white sails as a signal of his safety. On his approach to the coast of Attica he forgot his promise, and his father, who was watching on a rock on the seacoast, on perceiving the black sail, thought that his son had perished and threw himself into the sea, which according to some traditions received from this event the name of the Aegaean sea. (Plut. Thes. 22; Diod. 4.61; Paus. 1.22.5; Hyg. Fab. 43; Serv. ad Aen. 3.74.) Medeia, who was believed to have spent some time at Athens on her return from Corinth to Colchis, is said to have becomee mother of a son, Medus, by Aegens. (Apolled. 1.9.28; Hyg. Fab. 26.) Aegeus was one of the eponymic heroes of Attica; and one of the Attic tribes (Aegeis) derived its name from him. (Paus. 1.5.2.) His grave, called the heroum of Aegeus, was believed to be at Athens (Paus. 1.22.5), and Pausanias mentions two statues of him, one at Athens and the other at Delphi, the latter of which had been made of the tithes of the booty taken by the Athenians at Marathon. (Paus. 1.5.2, 10.10.1.)
2. The eponymic hero of the phyle called the Aegeidae at Sparta, was a son of Oeolycus, and grandson of Theras, the founder of the colony in Thera. (Hdt. 4.149.) All the Aegeids were believed to be Cadmeans, who formed a settlement at Sparta previous to the Dorian conquest. There is only this difference in the accounts, that, according to some, Aegeus was the leader of the Cadmean colonists at Sparta, while, according to Herodotus, they received their name of Aegeids from the later Aegeus, the son of Oeolycus. (Pind. P. 5.101; Isth. 7.18, &c., with the Schol.) There was at Sparta a heroum of Aegeus. (Paus. 3.15.6; compare 4.7.3.) [L.S]
(Αἰγεύς). The son of Pandion, king of Athens, and father of Theseus, whom he begot by Aethra at Troezen. Theseus afterwards came to Athens and restored Aegeus to the throne, of which he had been deprived by his brother Pallas. Having slain Androgeos, son of Minos (q.v.), he was conquered by that king and compelled to send seven youths and seven maidens to Crete once in nine years as victims to the Minotaur. When Theseus set out to free his country from this cruel tax, he agreed in case of success to exchange the black sail of his ship for a white one; but forgetting to do so, Aegeus saw the black sail on the returning vessel, supposed his son lost, and threw himself into the sea, which is thus supposed to have been named Aegean after him. He is said to have introduced the worship of Aphrodité into Athens, where he himself was honoured with a shrine. See Medea; Theseus; Minotaur.
- Apollod. 1.8.2
- son of Pandion or of Scyrius, born at Megara: Apollod. 3.15.5, -Son of Pandion, Hdt. 1.173
- son of Pandion, eponymous hero of Athenian tribe and king of Athens: Paus. 1.5.2, 4, Paus. 1.30.4
- introduces worship of Heavenly Aphrodite into Athens: Paus. 1.14.7
- restored to Athens by his brothers (the sons of Pandion): Apollod. 3.15.5
- expels his brother Lycus: Paus. 1.19.3, Paus. 1.2.6
- expels Peteos: Paus. 10.35.8
- persons expelled by him found Caphyae in Arcadia: Paus. 7.23.3
- consults the oracle as to the begetting of children: Apollod. 1.9.23, Apollod. 1.9.24
- at Troezen he lies with Aethra, daughter of Pittheus: Apollod. 1.9.24
- deposits tokens of Theseus's identity: Paus. 1.27.8
- married to Medea: Apollod. 1.9.28, Paus. 2.3.8
- sends Androgeus, son of Minos, against the bull of Marathon: Apollod. 1.9.24
- sends Theseus against the Marathonian bull: Apollod. 2.1.3
- recognizes Theseus and expels Medea: Apollod. 2.1.3, Apollod. 2.1.3
- charges Theseus to hoist a white sail in sign of success: Apollod. 2.1.3
- casts himself from the acropolis at sight of the black sail: Apollod. 2.1.4, Paus. 1.22.4ff.
- shrine at Athens: Paus. 1.22.5
- statue at Delphi: Paus. 10.10.1
- Paus. 3.15.8, Paus. 4.7.8
- son of Oeolycus, a Spartan: Hdt. 4.149
- shrine of: Paus. 3.15.8