Tydeus
Frieze-Dennison Vergil
- the son of Oeneus and Periboea, and father of Diomedes, Verg. A. 6, 479; Stat. Th. 8, 664; Hyg. Fab. 69 and 70.
- —Hence, Tȳdīdes, ae, m., the son of Tydeus, i.e. Diomedes, Verg. A. 1, 97; 1, 471; 2, 164; 2, 197; Hor. C. 1, 6, 16; 1, 15, 28; Ov. M. 12, 622; 13, 68 al.
(Τυδεύς), a son of Oeneus and Periboea (Gorge or Althaea), was the husband of Deipyle, by whom he became the father of Diomedes ; he was king of Calydon, and one of the princes who joined Polyneices in the expedition against Thebes. (Apollod. 1.8.5; Hom. Il. 2.406, 14.115, &c.)
Tydeus was obliged to flee from his country in consequence of some murder which he had committed, but which is differently described by the different authors, some saying that he killed his father's brother, Melas, Lycopeus, or Alcathous ; others that he slew Thoas or Aphareus, his mother's brother; others that he slew his brother Olenias, and others again that he killed the sons of Melas, who had revolted against Oeneus (Schol. ad Stat. Theb. 1.280, 402). He fled to Adrastus at Argos, who purified him from the murder, and gave him his daughter Deipyle in marriage. With Adrastus he then went against Thebes, where he was wounded by Melanippus, who, however, was slain by him. (Apollod. l.c. ; Eustath. ad Hom. pp. 288, 971.) When Tydeus lay on the ground wounded, Athena appeared to him with a remedy which she had received from Zeus, and which was to make him immortal. This, however, was prevented by a stratagem of Amphiaraus, who hated Tydeus, for he cut off the head of Melanippus and brought it to Tydeus, who cut it in two and ate the brain, or devoured some of the flesh. (Schol. ad Pind. Nem. 10.12; comp. Eustath. ad Hom. p. 1273.) Athena seeing this, shuddered, and did not apply the remedy which she had brought. (Apollod. 3.6.8.) Tydeus then died, and was buried by Macon. (Paus. 9.18.2; Comp. Adrastus; Amphiaraus.) [L.S]
(Τυδεύς).
1. A Chian, son of Ion, appears to have been a leader of the democratic party in his native island, and was one of those who were put to death in B. C. 412, by Pedaritus the Lacedaemonian, for attachment to the Athenian cause. It is possible that his father was no other than Ion, the tragic poet. (Thuc. 8.38.) [Ion, No. 1; Pedaritus.]
2. An Athenian, was one of the three additional generals who were appointed B. C. 405 to share the command of the fleet with Conon, Philocles, and Adeimantus. Tydeus and Menander, one of his colleagues, are particularly mentioned by Xenophon as contemptuously rejecting the advice of Alcibiades before the battle of Aegos-potami in the same year; and we find in Pausanias that he and Adeimantus were suspected by their countrymen of having been bribed by Lysander. He was put to death by the Spartans, as we may conclude, after the battle, together with the other Athenian prisoners. (Xen. Hell. 2.1. §§ 16, 26; Paus. 10.9.) [Adeimantus.] [E.E]
(Τυδεύς). The son of Oeneus, king of Calydon, and Periboea. He was obliged to leave Calydon in consequence of some murder which he had committed, but which is differently described by different authors. He fled to Adrastus at Argos, who purified him from the murder, and gave him his daughter Deïpylé in marriage, by whom he became the father of Diomedes, who is hence frequently called Tydīdes. He accompanied Adrastus in the expedition against Thebes, where he was wounded by Melanippus, who, however, was slain by him (Il. xiv. 114-132). When Tydeus lay on the ground wounded, Athené appeared to him with a remedy which she had received from Zeus, and which was to make him immortal. This, however, was prevented by a stratagem of Amphiaraüs, who hated Tydeus, for he cut off the head of Melanippus and brought it to Tydeus, who divided it and ate the brain, or devoured some of the flesh. Athené, seeing this, shuddered, and left Tydeus to his fate. He consequently died, and was buried by Macon (Apollod. iii.6.8; Eustath. ad Hom. p. 1273).
- Paus. 6.16.2
- bribed by Lysander: Paus. 10.9.11
- his slaying by Melanippus: Hdt. 5.67
- son of Oeneus: Paus. 10.10.3
- son of Oeneus and Periboea or Gorge: Apollod. 1.8.3
- banished for homicide: Apollod. 1.8.3, Apollod. 1.8.5
- marries Deipyle, daughter of Adrastus: Apollod. 1.8.5, Apollod. 3.6.1
- marches against Thebes: Apollod. 1.8.5
- father of Diomedes: Apollod. 1.8.5, Apollod. 3.7.2, Apollod. 1.4.1, Apollod. 2.4.11
- stops fight between Amphiaraus and Lycurgus: Paus. 3.18.12
- fights Polynices at Argos: Apollod. 3.6.1
- one of the Seven against Thebes: Apollod. 3.6.3
- one of the victors in the Nemean games: Apollod. 3.11.29
- sent to Eteocles with a message: Apollod. 3.11.29
- defeats a Theban ambush: Apollod. 3.10.161
- wounded by Melanippus, sucks the brains of his slain foe: Apollod. 3.10.169
- Athena in disgust withholds from him the immortality which she had designed for him: Apollod. 3.10.169
- killed by Melanippus: Apollod. 1.8.5, Paus. 9.18.1
- his grave: Paus. 9.18.2
- statue at Delphi: Paus. 10.10.3